What is quantization error in the context of A/D conversion?

Quantization error refers to the discrepancy that occurs in the analog-to-digital conversion process between the actual analog input signal and the nearest representable digital value. When an analog signal is converted into a digital format, it is sampled at discrete intervals, and each sample is approximated to the nearest predefined digital value. The difference between the true value of the analog signal and the digitized output, which can only take specific quantized values, is termed quantization error.

Understanding this concept is essential, as quantization error can influence the accuracy and fidelity of the digital representation of the analog signal, which is critical in neurophysiologic monitoring where precision is crucial for effective interpretation of data. By minimizing quantization error through higher resolution or finer quantization levels, the quality of the digitized signal can be improved, enhancing the overall reliability of intraoperative monitoring outcomes.