What is the most likely cause of 60 Hz artifact?

The presence of 60 Hz artifact is typically associated with electrical interference in the environment. In this context, an infusion pump can generate electrical noise that interferes with the neurophysiological signals being recorded. This noise often manifests as a 60 Hz pattern due to the standard frequency of electrical systems in North America. The pump's motor and electrical components can introduce this artifact into the signals, making it essential for the monitoring technician to identify and mitigate its effects.

In this scenario, while other potential sources of artifact exist, they are less likely to be responsible for a consistent 60 Hz frequency. For instance, electrical generators may also produce noise, but they can vary based on the type and distance from the recordings, making them less predictable. Patient movement typically results in artifacts of higher frequency, which differ from the steady 60 Hz pattern. Electrostatic discharge, while it can create artifacts, operates in a different frequency range and is generally more abrupt than the sustained 60 Hz noise. Thus, the infusion pump stands out as the most likely cause of this specific type of artifact due to its consistent electrical output.