Which anesthetic agents do not act on the same neuronal receptors?

The correct answer indicates that Sevoflurane, Desflurane, and Nitrous Oxide do not act on the same neuronal receptors, which is important in understanding how anesthetic agents produce their effects. Each of these agents has distinct mechanisms of action and preferential targets within the central nervous system.

Sevoflurane and Desflurane are both volatile anesthetics that primarily act on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors and may have some action on NMDA receptors as well. They promote sedation and have muscle relaxant properties through these interactions, but they do not directly influence the same pathways as Nitrous Oxide.

Nitrous Oxide, on the other hand, operates differently. It has a unique profile where it acts primarily as an NMDA antagonist, affecting glutamatergic transmission in the brain. It is also known to have some opioid receptor effects but does not contribute to the GABAergic activity that characterizes the volatile anesthetics.

This distinction in receptor action is essential when considering the pharmacodynamics of these agents, particularly in a clinical setting where the anesthetic management and patient stability depend on the specific mechanisms through which these drugs operate. Understanding these differences helps anesthesiologists choose the most