Which EEG wave frequency is associated with alert and active states?

The frequency associated with alert and active states is beta. Beta waves typically range from 13 to 30 Hz and are characterized by a fast oscillation pattern, indicating a state of alertness, focus, and active mental engagement. They are commonly observed when an individual is actively thinking, problem-solving, or engaged in conversation.

In contrast, delta waves are associated with deep sleep and restorative processes, while theta waves are commonly linked to light sleep and relaxation but are also seen during some meditative states. Alpha waves, which range from 8 to 12 Hz, are present when a person is in a relaxed but awake state, such as during daydreaming or when closing the eyes. Thus, beta is the most fitting frequency range for alert and active cognitive functions.